On the earliest Sumerian City-States

Unsupervised Sumerian Personal Name Recognition

This paper describes an unsupervised named-entity recognition (NER) system to identify personal names in Sumerian cuneiform documents from the Ur III period. We are motivated by the needs of social and economic historians of that period to identify specific persons of importance and such historically relevant facts as can be discerned by the surviving texts. The work was confronted by the chall...

survey on the rule of the due & hindering relying on the sheikh ansaris ideas

قاعده مقتضی و مانع در متون فقهی کم و بیش مستند احکام قرار گرفته و مورد مناقشه فقهاء و اصولیین می باشد و مشهور معتقند مقتضی و مانع، قاعده نیست بلکه یکی از مسائل ذیل استصحاب است لذا نگارنده بر آن شد تا پیرامون این قاعده پژوهش جامعی انجام دهد. به عقیده ما مقتضی دارای حیثیت مستقلی است و هر گاه می گوییم مقتضی احراز شد یعنی با ماهیت مستقل خودش محرز گشته و قطعا اقتضاء خود را خواهد داشت مانند نکاح که ...

City-States and the Inner Sea

Creating Tools for Morphological Analysis of Sumerian

Sumerian is a long-extinct language documented throughout the ancient Middle East, arguably the first language for which we have written evidence, and is a language isolate (i.e. no related languages have so far been identified). The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature (ETCSL), based at the University of Oxford, aims to make accessible on the web over 350 literary works composed durin...

An Observational Limit on the Earliest GRBs

We predict the redshift of the first observable (i.e., in our past light cone) Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) and calculate the GRB-rate redshift distribution of the Population III stars at very early times (z = 20 − 60). Using the last 2 years of data from Swift we place an upper limit on the efficiency (ηGRB) of GRB production per solar mass from the first generation of stars. We find that the first o...